1. Đề thiếu

2. BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Ta có:

\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}.3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\) (đpcm)

3.

Ta có:

\(\left(a^6+b^6+1\right)\left(1+1+1\right)\ge\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+1+b^3+c^3+1+c^3+a^3+1\right)\)

\(VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)

Lại có:

\(a^3+b^3+1\ge3ab\) ; \(b^3+c^3+1\ge3bc\) ; \(c^3+a^3+1\ge3ca\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{3}}=3\sqrt{3}\)

4.

Ta có:

\(a^3+1+1\ge3a\) ; \(b^3+1+1\ge3b\) ; \(c^3+1+1\ge3c\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+6\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)=9\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)

5.

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\) ; \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}\) ; \(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\le\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}=1\)

Câu 1:

\(VT=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\)

\(VT=1-\dfrac{1}{n}< 1\) (đpcm)

\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}\)

\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+c^2}}\)

\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dễ dàng dự đoán được dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)Nhận thấy các đại lượng trong căn và mẫu đồng chưa bậc nên suy nghĩ đầu tiên là đồng bậc. Để ý đến giả thiết a+b+c=1 ta thấy \(a^2+abc=a^2\left(a+b+c\right)+abc=a\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

\(c+ab=a\left(a+b+c\right)+ab=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có \(b^2+abc=b\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right);c^2+abc=c\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)\)

\(b+ac=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right);a+bc=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)

Khi đó bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh trở thành

\(\frac{\sqrt{a\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{b\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{c\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{abc}}\)

hay \(\frac{a\sqrt{bc\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{\left(a+c\right)\left(c+b\right)}+\frac{b\sqrt{ab\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{c\sqrt{ab\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}{\left(c+b\right)\left(b+a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{abc}}\)

Quan sát bất đẳng thức trên ta liên tưởng đến bất đẳng thức Cauchy, để ý là

\(bc\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)=c\left(a+b\right)\cdot b\left(a+c\right)=b\left(a+b\right)\cdot c\left(a+c\right)\)

Trong 2 cách viết trên ta chọn cách viết thứ nhất vì khi sử dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy dạng \(2\sqrt{xy}\le x+y\)thì không tạo ra các đại lượng có chứa các bình phương. Khi đó áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta được

\(\sqrt{bc\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\le\frac{b\left(a+c\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}{2}=\frac{ab+2bc+ca}{2}\)

Áp dụng tương tự ta được

  \(\frac{a\sqrt{bc\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}+\frac{b\sqrt{ac\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{c\sqrt{ab\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}\)\(\le\frac{a\left(ab+2bc+ca\right)}{2\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}+\frac{b\left(ab+bc+2ac\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{c\left(2ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}\)

Phép chứng minh sẽ hoàn tất nếu ta chỉ ra được \(\frac{a\left(ab+2bc+ca\right)}{2\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}+\frac{b\left(ab+bc+2ac\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{c\left(2ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}\le1\)

hay \(a\left(ab+2bc+ca\right)\left(a+b\right)+b\left(b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+2ca\right)+c\left(c+b\right)\left(2ab+bc+ca\right)\)\(\le\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)

Vế trái của bất đẳng thức là bậc bốn còn vế phải là bậc ba nên ta có thể đồng bậc là

\(a\left(ab+2bc+ca\right)+b\left(b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+2ac\right)+c\left(c+b\right)\left(2ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\le\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Triển khai và thu gọn ta được \(a^3\left(b+c\right)+b^3\left(c+a\right)+c^3\left(a+b\right)+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+5\left(a^2bc+ab^2c+abc^2\right)\)

\(\le a^3\left(b+c\right)+b^3\left(a+c\right)+c^3\left(a+b\right)+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+4\left(a^2bc+ba^2c+abc^2\right)\)

hay \(abc\left(a+b+c\right)\le a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\), đây là một đánh giá đúng

Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Ta có: \(ab+bc+ca=abc\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)

Đặt: \(A=\frac{a}{bc\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{b}{ca\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{c}{ab\left(c+1\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{\frac{1}{b}.\frac{1}{c}}{1+\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{\frac{1}{c}.\frac{1}{a}}{1+\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{\frac{1}{b}.\frac{1}{a}}{1+\frac{1}{c}}\)

Đặt: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{a}\\y=\frac{1}{b}\\z=\frac{1}{c}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)

\(A=\frac{xy}{z+1}+\frac{yz}{x+1}+\frac{zx}{y+1}\)

Ta có: \(\frac{xy}{z+1}=\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(z+y\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{xy}{x+z}+\frac{xy}{y+z}\right)\)

Chứng minh tương tự ta được:

\(\frac{yz}{x+1}\le\frac{yz}{x+y}+\frac{yz}{x+z}\)

\(\frac{zx}{y+1}\le\frac{zx}{x+y}+\frac{zx}{y+z}\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\). Thiếp lập 2 BĐT còn lại:

\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}\right);\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)

Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:

\(A\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot3=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

1.Ta có: \(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab\)

\(=ac+bc+c^2+ab\)

\(=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\)

\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)

CMTT \(a+bc=\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\)

\(b+ca=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)

Từ đó \(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)

Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)( theo BĐT AM-GM)

CMTT\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}.3\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Vậy /...

\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{ab^2-b^2}{b^2+1}=a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\ge a+1-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}\)

\(=a+1-\frac{b\left(a+1\right)}{2}=a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)

Tương tự rồi cộng lại:

\(RHS\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{ab+bc+ca+a+b+c}{2}\)

\(\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+a+b+c}{2}=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=1\)

Bài 1 : 

\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b+ca}}\)

\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}}\)

\(+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ca}}\)

\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{ac+bc+c^2+ab}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}\)

\(+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{ab+b^2+bc+ca}}\)

\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bô só thực không âm

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}}{2}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\)

\(\le\frac{\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+b}\right)}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)

Vậy \(P_{max}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Chúc bạn học tốt !!!

\(VT=\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab}{a}+\frac{ab}{b}+\frac{bc}{b}+\frac{bc}{c}+\frac{ca}{c}+\frac{ca}{a}\right)\)

\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(2a+2b+2c\right)=\frac{1}{2}\) (1)

Mặt khác \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2c\) ; \(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2b\) ; \(\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2a\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge1\)

\(\Rightarrow VP=\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(1+1\right)=\frac{1}{2}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)